Most important topics for the ComNet exam:
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1. Internet Architecture
* Encapsulation
* Layers in ISO OSI model
* Layer descriptions from physical to Application layer

2. Data Link Layer
* Why do we need framing?
* Byte Stuffing
* Byte Counting
* Bit Stuffing
* Error detection with parity bits
* Error control strategies (FEC, ARQ)
* Hamming-distance
* Error detection and Hamming distance (To detect d errors, you need a distance d+1 code...)
* Error correction and Hamming distance
* CRC
* Simplex Stop-and-wait protocol
* Alternate Bit Protocol
* Sliding Window Protocol
* What is Media Access?
* Channel partitioning
* CDMA
* Pure ALOHA
* Slotted ALOHA
* CSMA: non-persistent CSMA, 1-pers. CSMA, p-pres. CSMA
* CSMA/CD -  conditions for collision detections - packet size, cable length, etc.
* Spanning Tree Protocol

3. Network Layer
* Classes of IP addresses
* CIDR
* IP Fragmentation
* Dijkstra algorithm
* Bellman-Ford algorithm
* Distance Vector Routing
* Link State routing
* Path Vector Protocol

4. Transport Layer
* Properties of UDP
* Properties of TCP
* Three way handshake
* Nagle's Algorithm
* Karn's algorithm and the problem it solves
* Slow start
* AIMD
* TCP Reno's Fast Retransmission
* TCP CUBIC
* TCP Compound

5. Application Layer
* Name resolution before DNS
* Main features of DNS
* Name hierarchy, zones and responsibilities
* Authoritive DNS servers
* Root DNS servers
* Name resultion modes: recursive and iterative - examples on how they work
* DNS propagation
* DNS Resource records - few examples
* HTTP - web objects, client-server arch.
* Persistent vs non-persistent vs concurent HTTP
* HTTP Cookies - how to store states